The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index, formally the Manufacturing Business Outlook Survey, is a monthly qualitative survey of manufacturing executives in the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia's Third District, covering Delaware, southern New Jersey and eastern and central Pennsylvania, asking about the direction of change in new orders, production, employment and delivery times at their firms. Launched in 1968, it is the longest running manufacturing survey compiled by a regional Federal Reserve bank, and its headline index reads as expansion when positive and contraction when negative. Because it is released well before many official government statistics, it is watched as an early signal of manufacturing conditions, and research has found it tracks national manufacturing conditions alongside similar surveys from other regional Federal Reserve banks.
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